Pterygium

Overview

A pterygium is a non-cancerous growth of the clear, thin tissue over the white part of the eye. Some grow slowly throughout a person's life, while others stop growing after a certain point.

Warning Signs & Symptoms

The primary symptom of a pterygium is a painless area of elevated white tissue, with blood vessels on the inner or outer edge of the cornea. Other symptoms include redness or inflammation, blurred vision, dryness, irritation, burning or having a gritty feeling.

Treatment/Procedures

In many cases, no treatment is needed. When a pterygium becomes red and irritated, eye drops or ointments may be used to help reduce inflammation. If the growths become large enough to threaten sight or cause persistent discomfort, a corneal transplant may be needed.

Prevention

The cause is unclear, but it is more common in people with excess exposure outdoors to sunlight and wind. People with exposure to sunny, dusty, sandy or windblown areas are at higher risk. Farmers, fishermen and people living near the equator are often affected. People should wear protective glasses and a hat with a brim to prevent the condition from returning after it is removed.

Rehabilitation

If a corneal transplant is required, the patient must wear an eye patch for a certain period of time, which protects the new cornea from injury. Eye drops are required to prevent rejection of the transplant, and full vision recovery may take up to a year.

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